The changes include introducing a three-language formula from Class 6 and a two-level system for Mathematics and Science in Class 9, alongside the early rollout of computational thinking and artificial intelligence. According to the officials, the third language or R3 is not being made mandatory for Class 9 students yet.

Experts note that Gujarat's diverse student base could face challenges with the mandatory third language, particularly Gujarati for non-native speakers. They argue that introducing a regional language at Class 6 puts CBSE students at a disadvantage compared to Gujarat Board students, who begin learning their mother tongue from Class 1.

A senior board official said the framework will ensure that students study at least two Indian languages, with some exemptions for those returning from foreign schools.

School leaders have cautiously welcomed the move. Deepak Gautampurkar, principal of DAV International School, said the inclusion of a regional language would help preserve culture, but acknowledged that students from other states may struggle to cope. He also pointed out the learning gap due to the late introduction of Gujarati in CBSE schools.

The proposed two-level system for Mathematics and Science has divided opinion among parents. While some see it as a way to reduce stress and curb dropout rates, others fear it could dilute academic standards by encouraging students to opt for easier options. Under the new structure, all students will take a standard 80-mark exam, with an optional advanced paper testing higher-order thinking. The advanced score will not count towards the aggregate but will be reflected separately for those scoring at least 50 per cent. The first Class 10 board exams under this system will be held in 2028.

One parent cautioned against frequent curriculum changes, saying excessive simplification, particularly in core subjects, could undermine learning quality.

Meanwhile, computational thinking and artificial intelligence are being introduced from Classes 3 to 8 this academic year. They will become compulsory subjects for Classes 9 and 10, with AI set to be a board exam subject for Class 10 from 2029.

Key highlights

• CBSE to implement a three-language formula from Class 6 starting 2026-27, requiring students to study at least two Indian languages.
​​​​​​​• A two-level system (standard and optional advanced) for Mathematics and Science will begin in Class 9, with first board exams under this format in 2028.
• Computational thinking and artificial intelligence are being introduced from Classes 3-8 now, becoming compulsory for Classes 9-10, with AI a board exam subject from 2029.