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• Union Territories are governed under Articles 239 to 241 of the Indian Constitution, with the President exercising administrative control through appointed administrators or Lieutenant Governors.
• The concept originated during British rule in 1874 as Scheduled Districts, later becoming Chief Commissioner's Provinces, and post-independence classified as Part C and Part D states.
• The States Reorganisation Act, 1956 and 7th Constitutional Amendment restructured territories, leading to creation of UTs and eventual statehood for regions like Himachal Pradesh and Manipur.
• UTs are created based on strategic importance, administrative efficiency, cultural uniqueness, and the need to protect backward or tribal populations across diverse regions.
• Some UTs like Delhi, Puducherry, and Jammu and Kashmir have legislative assemblies and elected governments, while others are directly governed without legislatures.
• Parliament holds overriding authority to legislate on all subjects for UTs, including those in the State List, ensuring centralized governance and uniform policy implementation.
• The President can issue regulations for certain UTs like Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Lakshadweep, which carry the same legal authority as parliamentary laws.
• Delhi has special constitutional status under Article 239AA, allowing limited legislative powers while key subjects like police, land, and public order remain under central control.
• The Ministry of Home Affairs acts as the nodal body managing UT affairs, supported by advisory bodies like the Home Ministers Advisory Committee and Administrative Advisory Committee.
• Recent changes include the 2019 reorganization of Jammu and Kashmir into two UTs and the 2020 merger of Dadra and Nagar Haveli with Daman and Diu into a single UT.