The two countries aim to double bilateral trade from approximately $6.3 billion. The agreement comes as both sides seek to strengthen economic ties, diversify supply chains and explore new opportunities across strategic industries.

A key outcome of the discussions was the decision to establish a Defence Industry Dialogue to create a framework for deeper industrial cooperation. Both countries will encourage partnerships between defence companies, including technology collaboration, co-development and co-production.

Modi invited Polish companies to participate in joint development and production projects in defence, space and nuclear energy. The two sides also identified opportunities in critical minerals, coal gasification and advanced technologies.

Cooperation in semiconductors, artificial intelligence, battery recycling and rare earth mineral processing also featured in the discussions. The leaders encouraged businesses to explore partnerships in manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, infrastructure, mining, energy and information and communication technology.

The India-EU FTA is expected to create further opportunities for Indian exports of machinery, chemicals, plastics and engineering goods to Poland once the agreement enters into force. India is also looking to attract Polish investment in railways, mobility, advanced manufacturing, food processing and biotechnology.

Poland, meanwhile, sees India as an important economic partner and has highlighted its position as a potential gateway for Indian businesses seeking to expand across Central and Eastern Europe.

The agreements and proposed partnerships mark a broader effort by New Delhi and Warsaw to translate their strategic partnership into stronger trade, investment and industrial collaboration by 2030.