The word Muharram means "forbidden," and it is one of four months in which conflict is not allowed. Ashura marks the Battle of Karbala, one of the most important and sad events in Islamic history. Here are five things to know about it.

What Is Muharram And Why Is It Important In Islam?

Muharram is the first month of the Islamic lunar calendar and marks the start of the Islamic New Year. It is one of the four sacred months in Islam and is considered a very important time for prayer, reflection and doing good deeds. The most important day in this month is Ashura, which falls on the 10th day. Different Muslim groups observe it in different ways Sunni Muslims remember the day Prophet Moses was saved from Pharaoh and often fast as a sign of gratitude, while Shia Muslims mourn the Battle of Karbala, where Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, was killed along with his companions.

What Happened At The Battle Of Karbala And Why Does It Matter?

The Battle of Karbala in 680 CE was a very sad event in Islamic history in which Husayn ibn Ali, the grandson of Prophet Muhammad, along with a small group of his followers, was killed by the army of the Umayyad ruler Yazid I. Husayn refused to accept Yazid as a leader because he believed he was not just or fair. He later travelled towards Kufa after people there sent him letters of support, but those people were pressured and scared by Yazid's forces and did not stand with him. Husayn and his small group of around 72 people were then surrounded in Karbala and were not allowed access to water for days.

On the 10th of Muharram, known as Ashura, they fought bravely but were defeated and killed. Husayn's sacrifice is remembered as a symbol of standing up for truth and justice against oppression, and the event is mourned every year during Muharram, especially by Shia Muslims.

What Is Ashura And When Does It Fall In 2026?

Ashura is the 10th day of Muharram and the most important day of the month. The Day of Ashura is expected to be observed on Thursday, 25 June 2026 in India and most parts of the world. Because the Islamic calendar relies on moon sightings, the exact date may vary slightly by region. The observance begins at sunset on the preceding evening, Wednesday, 24 June 2026.

For Shia Muslims, it is a day of mourning for Husayn ibn Ali's death. They hold gatherings, processions, and recite mourning prayers. Some also beat their chests as a sign of grief. For Sunni Muslims, Ashura is also important. It is a day connected to Prophet Moses, who is believed to have fasted on this day.

Do Muslims Fast During Muharram And Is It Compulsory?

Fasting in Muharram is not required but is encouraged. Muslims are advised to fast on the 9th, 10th, or 11th day of Muharram. Fasting on Ashura (10th day) is especially recommended. It is considered one of the most rewarding voluntary fasts after Ramadan. Many Muslims fast two days, like the 9th and 10th.

What Are The Key Spiritual Practices Observed During Muharram?

During Muharram, Muslims focus more on prayer, reflection, and remembrance. Many read special prayers called Ziyarat Ashura and remember the martyrs of Karbala. Some also visit the shrine of Husayn in Karbala, Iraq, especially during this month. People also try to do good deeds, give charity, and avoid wrong actions, as Muharram is seen as a very sacred time.